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Urbanization, Health and Human Security in Emerging Markets

The economies of scale, operation, specialization and integration that drove the growth of cities in Europe and North America in the 19th and 20th centuries have also driven urban growth in EMCs. But because the process has been compressed, accelerated and magnified by more productive technologies, massive internal migration and higher net reproduction rates, many EMC cities have grown at breathless speeds to unprecedented sizes and have written new chapters in the world's urban history.

Urbanization in EMCs is distinguished by its speed, scale and the facts that:

  • Most large EMCs (e.g. Brazil, China, India, Russia), like large OECD countries (e.g. USA, Canada, Australia) have relatively 'balanced' urban systems featuring dynamic second and third tier cities, whereas, with some exceptions (e.g. Colombia) most smaller EMCs, like smaller OECD countries (e.g. Britain, France), have urban systems dominated by one city.
  • Most EMC cities are more socially and spatially segmented than OECD cities with sharper distinctions between high and low income neighbourhoods and districts.
  • Most large EMC cities are surrounded by massive suburban settlements, often populated by migrants and characterized by high unemployment, low incomes, poor housing, inadequate infrastructure and urban services, unhealthy environments and social deprivation and isolation.

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Findings and Recommendations

The economic health of emerging market countries increasingly depends on the physical and mental health of their cities. Long term solutions to problems of urban health rooted in absolute poverty depend on sustained economic growth supported by public and/or private investment in housing, infrastructure and services.

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Download Report

To download the full Report of the Findings and Recommendations from the Symposium on Urbanization, Health and Human Security in Emerging Markets, please click the link below:

Full Report EMS 2011

  • Migration
    • Programme Note
    • Programme and Schedule
    • List of Participants
    • Analytical Framework
    • Briefing Materials
    • Press & Media
    • EMS 2018 Photos

Previous Symposia

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  • Health and Healthcare
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The Emerging Markets Symposium
Green Templeton College
Woodstock Road
Oxford OX2 6HG
ems@gtc.ox.ac.uk

Green Templeton College University of Oxford